Thesis-1994-Ismail.pdf (6.36 MB)
Modes of action of a fatty diamine surfactant on mechanical properties of natural rubber compounds
thesis
posted on 2013-02-26, 13:38 authored by Hanafi IsmailThe modes of action of a diamine salt of fatty acid with a general structure of
[RNHz+(CHz)JNH3+(R'COO-)z], referred to as a multifunctional additive (MFA)
in carbon black and silica filled natural rubber (NR) compound have been studied.
The mechanical properties have been enhanced by incorporating the MFA.
Optimum mechanical properties for the natural rubber filled with carbon black
compound are obtained at an MFA level which is estimated to give complete
monolayer coverage of the carbon black surface. Studies on silica filled NR show a
much higher optimum MFA level than for carbon black filled compounds, which is
attributed to a different orientation of the MFA molecules at the silica-rubber
interface. The MFA molecules may stand on the filler surface with their polar sites
attached to its surface, giving rise to a much higher monolayer value. Filler dispersion, measured by computer-aided image analysis and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), showed that MFA gives improved dispersion at
equivalent mixing time. The effect of the MFA on crosslink density of carbon black
filled NR compounds was found to be small, in contrast to silica filled NR
compounds, where the increase in crosslink density enhanced properties
significantly.
Techniques to examine the properties of compounds with and without MFA
at equivalent levels of filler dispersion have been developed. Results show that, in
addition to the improvement in filler dispersion, increased energy dissipation at the
rubber-MFA-filler interfaces improves tear and tensile strength. A mechanism of
adsorption to explain the mode of action of the MFA at the elastomer/filler
interface has also been proposed.
History
School
- Aeronautical, Automotive, Chemical and Materials Engineering
Department
- Materials
Publisher
© Hanafi IsmailPublication date
1994Notes
A Doctoral Thesis. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University.EThOS Persistent ID
uk.bl.ethos.259930Language
- en