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Identifying the cellular mechanisms leading to heterotopic ossification

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journal contribution
posted on 2015-09-04, 12:47 authored by Owen DaviesOwen Davies, L.M. Grover, Neil M. Eisenstein, Mark LewisMark Lewis, Yang LiuYang Liu
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a debilitating condition defined by the de novo development of bone within non-osseous soft tissues, and can be either hereditary or acquired. The hereditary condition, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is rare but life threatening. Acquired HO is more common and results from a severe trauma that produces an environment conducive for the formation of ectopic endochondral bone. Despite continued efforts to identify the cellular and molecular events that lead to HO, the mechanisms of pathogenesis remain elusive. It has been proposed that the formation of ectopic bone requires an osteochondrogenic cell type, the presence of inductive agent(s) and a permissive local environment. To date several lineage-tracing studies have identified potential contributory populations. However, difficulties identifying cells in vivo based on the limitations of phenotypic markers, along with the absence of established in vitro HO models have made the results difficult to interpret. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate current literature within the field in an attempt identify the cellular mechanisms required for ectopic bone formation. The major aim is to collate all current data on cell populations that have been shown to possess an osteochondrogenic potential and identify environmental conditions that may contribute to a permissive local environment. This review outlines the pathology of endochondral ossification, which is important for the development of potential HO therapies and to further our understanding of the mechanisms governing bone formation.

Funding

The work was kindly supported by a grant from the Defence science and technology laboratory (Dstl).

History

School

  • Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering

Published in

Calcified tissue international

Citation

DAVIES, O.G. ... et al, 2015. Identifying the cellular mechanisms leading to heterotopic ossification. Calcified Tissue International, 97(5), pp.432-444.

Publisher

© Springer Science+Business Media

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Publication date

2015

Notes

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-0034-1

ISSN

0171-967X

eISSN

1432-0827

Language

  • en