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Design and SAR analysis of wearable antenna on various parts of human body, using conventional and artificial ground planes

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posted on 2017-02-09, 13:12 authored by Usman Ali, Sadiq Ullah, Jalal Khan, Muhammad Shafi, Babar Kamal, Abdul Basir, James FlintJames Flint, Rob SeagerRob Seager
This paper presents design and specific absorption rate analysis of a 2.4 GHz wearable patch antenna on a conventional and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) ground planes, under normal and bent conditions. Wearable materials are used in the design of the antenna and EBG surfaces. A woven fabric (Zelt) is used as a conductive material and a 3 mm thicker Wash Cotton is used as a substrate. The dielectric constant and tangent loss of the substrate are 1.51 and 0.02 respectively. The volume of the proposed antenna is 113×96.4×3 mm3. The metamaterial surface is used as a high impedance surface which shields the body from the hazards of electromagnetic radiations to reduce the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). For on-body analysis a three layer model (containing skin, fats and muscles) of human arm is used. Antenna employing the EBG ground plane gives safe value of SAR (i.e. 1.77W/kg<2W/kg), when worn on human arm. This value is obtained using the safe limit of 2 W/kg, averaged over 10g of tissue, specified by the International Commission of Non Ionization Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The SAR is reduced by 83.82% as compare to the conventional antenna (8.16 W/kg>2W/kg). The efficiency of the EBG based antenna is improved from 52 to 74%, relative to the conventional counterpart. The proposed antenna can be used in wearable electronics and smart clothing.

History

School

  • Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering

Published in

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

Volume

12

Issue

1

Pages

317 - 328

Citation

ALI, U. ... et al, 2017. Design and SAR analysis of wearable antenna on various parts of human body, using conventional and artificial ground planes. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 12 (1), pp. 317-328.

Publisher

© The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC 3.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

Acceptance date

2016-10-24

Publication date

2017-01-02

Notes

This is an Open-Access article published by The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 3.0 Unported License (CC BY-NC). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/3.0/

ISSN

1975-0102

eISSN

2093-7423

Language

  • en

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