Dickerson_V2G paper - BG.pdf (755.73 kB)
Vehicle-to-grid feasibility: A techno-economic analysis of EV-based energy storage
journal contribution
posted on 2017-04-04, 13:24 authored by Rebecca Gough, Charles DickersonCharles Dickerson, Paul Rowley, Chris Walsh© 2017 Elsevier LtdThe potential for electric vehicles to obtain income from energy supplied to a commercial building together with revenue accruing from specific ancillary service markets in the UK is evaluated in this work. A hybrid time-series/probabilistic simulation environment using real-world data is described, which is applied in the analysis of electricity trading with vehicle-to-grid to vehicles, buildings and markets. Key parameters are found to be the electric vehicle electricity sale price, battery degradation cost and infrastructure costs. Three vehicle-to-grid scenarios are evaluated using pool vehicle trip data, market pricing index data and half-hourly electricity demand for a commercial building. Results show that provision of energy to the wholesale electricity market with additional income from the capacity market results in the greatest projected return on investment, producing an individual vehicle net present value of ∼£8400. This is over 10 years for a vehicle supplying energy three times per week to the half-hour day-ahead market and includes the cost of installing the vehicle-to-grid infrastructure. The analysis also shows that net income generation is strongly dependent upon battery degradation costs associated with vehicle-to-grid cycling.
Funding
This research was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [Grant Number GR/T11295] and Cenex, The Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon and Fuel Cell Technologies.
History
School
- Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering
Published in
Applied EnergyVolume
192Pages
12 - 23Citation
GOUGH, R. ...et al., 2017. Vehicle-to-grid feasibility: A techno-economic analysis of EV-based energy storage. Applied Energy, 192, pp. 12-23.Publisher
© ElsevierVersion
- AM (Accepted Manuscript)
Publisher statement
This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Acceptance date
2017-01-31Publication date
2017-02-09Notes
This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Applied Energy and the definitive published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.01.102ISSN
0306-2619Publisher version
Language
- en