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Improvement in blood pressure after short-term inorganic nitrate supplementation is attenuated in cigarette smokers compared to non-smoking controls
journal contribution
posted on 2016-11-16, 15:02 authored by Stephen BaileyStephen Bailey, Jamie R. Blackwell, Lee J. Wylie, Terezia Holand, Paul G. Winyard, Andrew M. JonesDietary supplementation with inorganic nitrate (NO3-) has been reported to improve
cardiovascular health indices in healthy adults. Cigarette smoking increases circulating thiocyanate (SCN-), which has been suggested to competitively inhibit salivary nitrate (NO3-) uptake, a rate-limiting step in dietary NO3
- metabolism. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that dietary NO3
- supplementation would be less effective at increasing the circulating plasma nitrite concnetration ([NO2-]) and lowering blood pressure in smokers (S)compared to non-smokers (NS). Nine healthy smokers and eight healthy non-smoking controls reported to the laboratory at baseline (CON) and following six day supplementation
periods with 140 ml∙day-1 NO3--rich (8.4 mmol NO3 -∙day-1; NIT) and NO3--depleted (0.08mmol NO3 -∙day-1; PLA) beetroot juice in a cross-over experiment. Plasma and salivary [SCN-] were elevated in smokers compared to non-smokers in all experimental conditions (P<0.05). Plasma and salivary [NO3
-] and nitrite ([NO2-]) were elevated in the NIT condition compared to CON and PLA conditions in smokers and non-smokers (P<0.05). However, the change in salivary [NO3-] (S: 3.5 ± 2.1 vs. NS: 7.5 ± 4.4 mM), plasma [NO3-] (S: 484 ± 198 vs. NS: 802 ± 199 μM) and plasma [NO2-] (S: 218 ± 128 vs. NS: 559 ± 419 nM) between the CON and NIT conditions was lower in the smokers compared to the non-smokers (P<0.05). Salivary [NO2
-] increased above CON to a similar extent with NIT in smokers and nonsmokers (P>0.05). Systolic blood pressure was lowered compared to PLA with NIT in nonsmokers (P<0.05), but not smokers (P>0.05). These findings suggest that dietary NO3- metabolism is compromised in smokers leading to an attenuated blood pressure reduction compared to non-smokers after NO3- supplementation. These observations may provide novel insights into the cardiovascular risks associated with cigarette smoking and suggest that this population may be less likely to benefit from improved cardiovascular health if they
increase dietary NO3 - intake.
History
School
- Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences
Published in
Nitric OxideVolume
61Pages
29 - 37Citation
BAILEY, S.J., 2016. Improvement in blood pressure after short-term inorganic nitrate supplementation is attenuated in cigarette smokers compared to non-smoking controls. Nitric Oxide, 61, pp. 29-37.Publisher
© ElsevierVersion
- AM (Accepted Manuscript)
Publisher statement
This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Acceptance date
2016-10-11Publication date
2016Notes
This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Nitric Oxide and the definitive published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2016.10.002ISSN
1089-8603Publisher version
Language
- en