Design of a modified dry toilet ventilation systems to accelerate drying

A study was carried out to develop a modified ventilation system to accelerate drying, which would be useful in shortening the retention period required before faecal matter can be rendered safe for handling. This would result in smaller units and reduced overall costs. The data analysed showed that all the Ecosan systems were operating on natural ventilation, but often with a number of shortcomings such as small vent pipe diameters as well as, improper and weak materials. It was concluded that a minimum vent pipe diameter of 150mm is required for efficient ventilation and better results could be obtained by incorporating a rotary vent turbine. The rate of drying in the vaults could be further increased by the use of one-way glass for the vault covers and insulating the walls, to optimise direct sunlight and minimize heat loss. These conditions are very important, if accelerated drying is to be realised.