Flow Injection Atomic Absorption Spectrometry: analytical characteristics of flame AAS

Flow Injection (FI) techniques for use with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) have attracted considerable research interest for sample introduction and calibration strategies. The interest continues in on-line preconcentration and matrix modification which are carried out by the incorporation of liquid-liquid extraction, ion-exchange, immobilised reagents, gas/vapour generation and continuous precipitation-filtration devices into suitably designed manifolds. Indirect determination of inorganic anions and organic compounds is becoming routine by FI–flame AAS. The direct analysis of solid samples, which is a shortcoming of flame AAS, was recently carried out by on-line electrolytic dissolutions. [Continues.]