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Socio-economic influences on anthropometric status in urban South African adolescents: sex differences in the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort

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posted on 2015-03-03, 14:31 authored by Rebecca Pradeilles, Paula GriffithsPaula Griffiths, Shane A. Norris, Alison B. Feeley, Emily RoushamEmily Rousham
Objective: To investigate the associations between household and neighbourhood socio-economic position (SEP) with indicators of both under- and over-nutrition in adolescents and to explore sex differences. Design: Analysis of anthropometric, household and neighbourhood SEP data from the “Birth to Twenty Plus” cohort born in 1990. Anthropometric outcomes were BMI (thinness, overweight and obesity) and percent fat (¿; low, high). Associations between these and the household wealth index, caregiver education and neighbourhood SEP tertile measures were examined using binary logistic regression. Setting: Johannesburg-Soweto, South Africa. Subjects: Adolescents aged 17-19 years (n=2019; 48.2% men). Results: Women had a significantly higher combined prevalence of overweight/obesity (26.2%) than men (8.2%) whereas men had a significantly higher prevalence of thinness than women (22.2% vs 10.6% respectively). Having a low neighbourhood social support index was associated with higher odds of high percent fat in women (OR=1.59 [1.03-2.44]. A low household wealth index was associated with lower odds of both overweight (OR=0.31 [0.12-0.76]) and high percent fat in men (OR=0.28 [0.10-0.78]) A low or middle household wealth index was associated with higher odds of being thin in men (OR=1.90 [1.09-3.31] and OR=1.80 [1.03-3.15] respectively). For women, a low household wealth index was associated with lower odds of being thin (OR=0.49 [0.25-0.96]). Conclusions: This study highlights that even within a relatively small urban area, the nutrition transition manifests itself differently in men and women and across SEP indicators. Understanding the challenges for different sexes at different ages is vital in helping to plan public health services.

Funding

Bt20+ receives financial and logistic support from the University of the Witwatersrand. It also receives financial support from the Wellcome Trust (UK) (reference number 092097/Z/10/Z). The neighbourhood socioeconomic measures data were funded by the Medical Research Council (UK) through grant id 70363. PG was also supported by a British Academy mid-career fellowship (Ref: MD120048). SN was supported by the MRC/DfID African Research Leader Scheme.

History

School

  • Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences

Published in

Public Health Nutrition

Issue

-

Pages

1 - 22 (21)

Citation

PRADEILLES, R. ... et al, 2015. Socio-economic influences on anthropometric status in urban South African adolescents: sex differences in the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort. Public Health Nutrition, 18(16), pp.1998-3012.

Publisher

© Cambridge University Press

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International (CC-BY 3.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Publication date

2015

Notes

Copyright © The Authors 2015. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ISSN

1475-2727

Language

  • en

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