File(s) under permanent embargo
Reason: This item is currently closed access.
Flavor-nutrient learning in restrained and unrestrained eaters
journal contribution
posted on 2016-01-22, 11:09 authored by Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, Gemma WitcombGemma WitcombAfter we consume a novel food an association can form between its sensory characteristics (e.g., taste properties) and the effect it has on the body (rewarding). Associations of this kind underpin much of our everyday dietary behavior because they mediate both the affective quality of food (flavor-preference learning) and the amount that we choose to consume (learning satiation). Notwithstanding this fact, very few studies have successfully demonstrated the process of dietary learning in human adults. In addition, based on evidence from related research, we explored whether learning is less likely to occur in individuals who have high scores on a measure of dietary restraint. Female participants (N=44)
consumed two differently flavored desserts. Each was presented three times on separate days. One was formulated with a high-energy content (1882 kJ) and the other with a low-energy content (226 kJ). After training, we found little evidence for learned satiation. However, we did observe
flavor-preference learning. Specifically, participants acquired a greater liking and desire-to-eat the dessert flavor that was paired with a higher energy density during training. Further analysis revealed that this effect on liking is qualified by dietary restraint. As predicted, unrestrained eaters
demonstrated greater differential responding to the two desserts than did restrained eaters. These data provide further evidence for flavor–nutrient
learning in adults and they highlight a hitherto unexplored and potentially important difference between restrained and unrestrained eaters.
Funding
This research was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Grant Reference D15238.
History
School
- Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences
Published in
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIORVolume
90Issue
1Pages
133 - 141 (9)Citation
BRUNSTROM, J.M. and MITCHELL, G.L., 2007. Flavor-nutrient learning in restrained and unrestrained eaters. Physiology and Behavior, 90(1), pp. 133-141.Publisher
© ElsevierVersion
- VoR (Version of Record)
Publisher statement
This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Publication date
2007Notes
This paper is in closed access.ISSN
0031-9384Publisher version
Language
- en