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The role of contextual information during skilled anticipation

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posted on 2017-09-29, 15:26 authored by Colm P. Murphy, Robin JacksonRobin Jackson, A. Mark Williams
In dynamic, temporally-constrained tasks, individuals often need to anticipate what will happen next prior to information becoming available within the environment. In such situations, the availability of contextual information can facilitate anticipation, often in conjunction with postural information. While many researchers have identified the specific sources of postural information facilitating anticipation, few have investigated the specific sources of contextual information employed. In two experiments, we presented skilled and less-skilled tennis players with animations of rallies from real matches that omitted access to postural information from the opponent, constraining participants to anticipate based on contextual information alone. In Experiment 1, participants anticipated the outcome of an opponent’s shot under three conditions in which the sequence length (i.e., number of shots in a rally) preceding the same occluded shot was varied. Participants anticipated shot direction more accurately when the preceding shot sequence was presented than not. In Experiment 2, we presented animations that depicted the ball, the players, or both, in either dynamic or still form. Those conditions in which only the ball was depicted yielded the lowest response accuracy scores. It appears that information from the player and ball motion is required to provide the context under which skilled performers can consciously pick up and utilise information to anticipate more accurately than their less-skilled counterparts.

History

School

  • Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences

Published in

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

Citation

MURPHY, C.P., JACKSON, R.C. and WILLIAMS, A.M., 2018. The role of contextual information during skilled anticipation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(10), pp. 2070-2087.

Publisher

SAGE Publications © Experimental Psychology Society

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Acceptance date

2017-09-07

Publication date

2018-01-01

Notes

MURPHY, C.P., JACKSON, R.C. and WILLIAMS, A.M., The role of contextual information during skilled anticipation, Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. Copyright © 2018 (Experimental Psychology Society). Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.

ISSN

1747-0218

eISSN

1747-0226

Language

  • en

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